Tesla wants to re-enter the Singapore market, after leaving in a huff in 2011 without selling a single car.Despite the recent brouhaha over a self-imported Model S which was slapped with a $15,000 carbon surcharge, the California-based electric carmaker...
Way before the ubiquitous ez-link card entered Singaporeans' lives, taking a bus meant coming face-to-face with not just the driver, but also the bus conductor.With a small satchel slung across his body and armed with a ticket puncher, the...
The sound of the electric grinder filled his ears as he cut a 20cm by 20cm hole in the safe sitting in the room he had broken into.Ngo Quang Phuoc, 35, was well prepared. He had experience cutting metal...
新加坡河的驳船在高峰期有3000多艘。当年的驳船业分别由印度人、福建人和潮州人垄断。这类交通与运输工具成了他们养家活口的主要收入来源。驳船的诞生与结业,经营者的经历与生活形态,构成新加坡河历史的重要组成部分。《联合早报·现在》今年1月25日刊登了余经仁君的《忆述驳船业兴衰》。十年风雨几番新,河边的酒店、百货商场和餐饮业顶替了旧货仓和朴素人家,驳船码头、克拉码头和罗拔申码头取代了原来的一百多个小码头。喧嚣的驳船业就这样度过了一个空前的时代。牵动驳船业的新加坡河又名黑水河,但河水并不全然是咖啡乌般的色调,涨潮时清翠如绿茶,滂沱大雨时将奶茶般的山泥冲出大海。我自小在新加坡河边生活,涨潮时跟同学跳入河中嬉戏,曾经在桥墩旁坐落许多个黄昏。熙熙攘攘间驳船苦力年华渐老,起重机逐步取代人力,街坊纷纷搬迁,陡然间人事全非,自是一番滋味在心头!在国家博物馆见识了法国人用第一代相机拍摄出来的陈年旧照,原来早在1845年,新加坡河畔的货仓已经鳞次栉比。3.2公里的河流为离乡背井的先民提供生活的空间,打造了一百多年的繁华。印度人垄断舯舡业外行人看驳船,除了船身黝黑,由印度人操纵的船只外,就是红头船和青头船,而且习惯性地统称它们为舯舡(Tongkang)。实际上驳船分成大舟古、舯舡和舢舨,后来有些载货的船只装上"摩哆",称为"电船",载人的摩哆船则称为"摩哆弄"(motor launch)。一般的大舟古、舢舨和摩哆弄业主都是华人,印度人则垄断了早期的舯舡业。舯舡承载量大,加上船身安稳,经得起风浪,许多商家都喜欢雇用,从印度尼西亚运载木柴土产到新加坡。大舟古与舢舨没有水密舱,遇到大风浪容易沉没,只适宜沿海运输(coastal craft)。此外,"电船"是民间俚语,所安装的是柴油机而不是发电的"摩哆"。这些柴油机类似大货车的引擎,用来取代拖船与风帆。红头船与青头船具有特别的含义。雍正年间,清朝加强船只的管制,为各省的商船和渔船定下规格,船头、船尾和桅杆用漆料涂上不同的颜色,方便辨认。自此,下南洋的帆船都油上官方指定的颜色,广东省(包括潮州)出洋的先民乘坐红头船,福建出洋的则乘坐青头船。帆船在南中国海飘荡,海天一色,方向莫辨,于是在船头漆上鱼眼好认路回航。广府人士称这些活像公鸡头的红头船为"大眼鸡"。先民的习俗就这样世代延续,今天新加坡河上的驳船改装成游船,船头都是青色的,表示船主是福建人。加文纳桥"催生"驳船驳船在阴差阳错下盛行百年。约150年前,殖民地政府决定在新加坡河上兴建加文纳桥(Cavanagh Bridge),桥面让车辆行走,特定时间将桥"吊"起来,让船只川行。可是组装之后,桥面竟然打不开。体型较大的帆船只好停在海面,卸货到驳船上,再由驳船将货物运输入河,造就了驳船业兴旺的景观。后来蒸汽船日增,即使没兴建加文纳桥,蒸汽船一样无法驶入河内,全靠驳船来运输。驳船业发达的年代,新加坡有约三分之一的贸易是在河上进行的。上世纪50年代的全盛时期,新加坡河的驳船多达3000多艘。1983年,丹戎巴葛的箱运码头全面运作,河上的驳船锐减,只剩下200多艘。迁移至巴西班让后,逐渐退出卸货的行列。不同族群分地盘驳船业由潮州人和福建人垄断,福建地方大,行船人主要来自同安、惠安、晋江和金门。新加坡河口的吻基(驳船码头)和上游的后巴窑(罗拔申码头)是福建人的天下,中游的柴船头(李德桥)则是潮州人的落脚处。源自不同地区的驳船人士为了维护谋生的地盘,容易发生磨擦和打斗,后来大家思想都比较开明后才相安无事。来自不同地区的族群都会设立自己的"估俚间",也就是工人宿舍,多数设在直落亚逸、文达街、丝丝街、柴船头等靠近码头工作的地方。例如福建同安县马巷井头村的林姓村民来到新加坡,都会先到宝兴理学堂(宝兴联谊社)寄宿,金门烈屿护头村的方姓村民组织了文山(联谊)社,金门官澳的杨姓和李姓村民则成立官山社。这些估俚间本身就是"堂口",跟其他靠码头吃饭的会社和在河边收保护费的08、24、海陆山等私会党抗衡.驳船业主的经历或许我从小跟驳船接触多了,无心插柳下修读船舶工程,结识了前海军军官李子长。李子长回忆起不久前往生的父亲李昭财,本来跟着四叔公跑舯舡,清晨到红灯码头外的货船载货,运送到新加坡河畔的货仓,有时则从河边的仓库运货到大船。后来父亲自己创业,买了一艘电船。生意上轨道后,添多一艘可载12人的摩哆弄。李子长还清楚记得这两艘船的列号为SC7807和SC962A。李昭财一家人住在丝丝街94号的官山社三楼,底下两层是估俚间。要管理好这些容易动气,说没几句就比拳头的苦力,必须比他们更强悍。李昭财就是以强悍但公平的作风来管理这群苦力,一同维护着生计。在散货船发达的年代,李昭财一帆风顺,分得一杯羹。纵使夜夜笙歌,依旧千金散尽还复来。上世纪80年代中,集装箱船取代散货船后,驳船业一落千丈,李昭财的生意大不如前,将摩哆弄卖了。电船没人要,干脆拖到公海,心情跟相依为命多年的电船一起沉到海底。李昭财的经历,也是许多行船人的共同体验。李子长看着驳船走入夕阳,决定加入新加坡海军。那时候父亲的驳船每天可赚取400元收入,他成为职业军人,月薪只有400元,还因此被父亲讥笑。谁知道日后海军的收入维持了一家的生计。20余年间,新加坡河从驳船货仓发展为商业旅游,再迅速转型为中央集水区。新加坡河的流水不长,河水不深,河面不广,却像一道灌溉生命的泉源,延续着新加坡人的命脉.Get the full story from Lianhe ZaobaoImage: Category: NewsSingaporePublication Date: Friday, March 11, 2016 - 11:37Send to mobile app: Byline: 李国梁
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TO help local companies better adopt design to grow their businesses, a Design Promotion Unit will be set up within the government to provide one-stop assistance, as well as a Business Centre within the National Design Centre (NDC), for...
The world may have signed a pact to tackle climate change last December, but its effects are still being felt far and wide.The United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) estimates that buildings contribute to as much as a third of...
SINGAPORE - Former MP Dr Tan Cheng Bock has announced that he will be contesting in the upcoming Presidential Election."I intend and will contest in the next presidential elections", he told reporters at a press conference on Friday (Mar...
Pre-schoolers might soon get an early start in learning about good design, if recommendations by the Design Masterplan Committee (DMC) are adopted.They could be spending more hands-on time with craftwork, exploring their environment with all their senses and using...
Fewer workers were injured last year but more died while on duty.Last year, 66 workers were killed at their workplaces, up from 60 in 2014, according to an annual report released by the Workplace Safety and Health (WSH) Institute...
A garderner was standing on a ladder to cut a palm tree outside the Eu Yan Sang Centre when he fell and died two days later from multiple fractures and head injuries.A coroner's inquiry heard that the trunk of...